Prep the pans and oven: Preheat to 350°F (175°C). Grease two or three 8-inch pans, line the bottoms with parchment, then grease again and lightly flour.
Set aside.
Whisk dry ingredients: In a medium bowl, whisk cake flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
Cream the butter and sugar: In a large bowl, beat butter and granulated sugar on medium-high until pale and fluffy, about 3 minutes. This traps air for a light crumb.
Add eggs and whites: Beat in eggs one at a time, then add egg whites, mixing well after each.
Scrape the bowl. Stir in vanilla and almond extract.
Add oil and buttermilk: Mix in the oil until glossy. On low speed, add the dry ingredients in 3 parts, alternating with buttermilk in 2 parts, beginning and ending with dry.
Mix just until combined. Do not overmix.
Fold in sprinkles: Gently fold in 3/4 cup rainbow jimmies with a spatula. Keep the mixing brief to prevent color bleed.
Divide and bake: Divide batter evenly between pans.
Smooth tops. Bake 22–28 minutes (for three pans) or 28–34 minutes (for two pans), until a toothpick comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Cool completely: Let cakes cool in pans 10 minutes, then turn out onto racks, peel off parchment, and cool fully. Chilling layers for 30–60 minutes makes frosting easier.
Make the frosting: Beat butter until creamy, about 1 minute.
Add half the powdered sugar and a pinch of salt; beat on low, then medium. Add remaining sugar, vanilla, and 1/4 cup cream. Beat until fluffy, 2–3 minutes.
Adjust with an extra tablespoon or two of cream for a smooth, spreadable texture.
Assemble: Place the first layer on a cake board or plate. Spread an even layer of frosting. Add the next layer(s) and repeat.
Apply a thin crumb coat around the sides and top. Chill 15 minutes to set.
Finish and decorate: Frost the cake generously, smoothing with an offset spatula. Press extra sprinkles around the base and scatter more over the top.
Add candles for the big moment.